Security and access

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Security and accessAudit trail

An immutable history of who changed which record and when. “We fixed it” is not enough; without a trail the action does not exist in an audit.

See also: Role-based access (RBAC), KVKK (Turkish data protection law)

Security and accessBackup

Taking regular copies of WMS data and actually testing a restore. A backup that is never opened does not exist in a disaster.

See also: Disaster recovery, RPO and RTO

Security and accessChain of custody

A signed, time-stamped record at every hand-off of high-value or evidential goods. A broken chain produces loss and a dispute over responsibility.

See also: Traceability, Physical access, Seal

Security and accessDisaster recovery

Where and how fast work restarts when the system or site is unusable. If the plan stays on paper, everyone falls back to memory in an outage.

See also: Backup, RPO and RTO, Offline mode

Security and accessDual control

A critical action that cannot pass without a second user’s approval. Used for high-value goods, scrap, negative stock and bulk adjustments.

See also: Segregation of duties (SoD), Scrap

Security and accessEncryption

Keeping data unreadable in transit and at rest. If RF devices, APIs and backup files are unencrypted, physical theft is also a data leak.

See also: Backup, KVKK (Turkish data protection law)

Security and accessLeast privilege

Giving a user only the screens and actions needed to finish the job. Rights opened “in case we need them later” grow the error and abuse surface.

See also: Role-based access (RBAC), Segregation of duties (SoD)

Security and accessMulti-factor authentication (MFA)

A second proof besides the password (app, SMS, key). A password-only admin or remote login leaves warehouse data exposed.

See also: Single sign-on (SSO), Role-based access (RBAC)

Security and accessPhysical access

A record of who entered the warehouse, cage, pharma or high-value area and when. If system rights and door rights do not match, control is only half done.

See also: Role-based access (RBAC), Chain of custody

Security and accessRole-based access (RBAC)

Granting rights through a role (receiver, picker, supervisor, quality) rather than one by one. Role bloat is everyone getting every screen.

See also: Segregation of duties (SoD), Least privilege

Security and accessSeal

A single-use mark showing a vehicle, container or cage was not opened. If the number is not written in the WMS or shipment record, the seal is useless.

See also: Loading, Chain of custody

Security and accessSegregation of duties (SoD)

Stopping the same person from both doing and approving a move. If pairs such as adjust+approve or count+close are not split, internal control disappears.

See also: Dual control, Role-based access (RBAC), Stock adjustment

Security and accessSingle sign-on (SSO)

Entering the WMS once through the company identity. If a leaver is not cut at the centre, the warehouse account stays open.

See also: Multi-factor authentication (MFA), Role-based access (RBAC)