Picking and orders

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Picking and ordersAllocation

Deciding which stock fulfils which order. Priority rules are set by delivery time, channel, customer and remaining shelf life.

See also: Reservation, Wave

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Picking and ordersATP (available to promise)

Quantity that can be promised for a specified date. The calculation can consider eligible on-hand inventory, receipts expected by that date and existing order commitments. State the planning rules used; ATP is not simply today's physical stock.

See also: Available / free stock, Reservation, Pipeline stock, OMS (Order Management System)

Reference: Microsoft Learn

Picking and ordersBatch picking

Picking several orders in one trip. It reduces travel but adds a sortation step.

See also: Picking, Sortation

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Picking and ordersCluster picking

Picking several orders on one cart, each in its own tote. Unlike batch picking, sortation happens during the trip.

See also: Batch picking, Discrete picking

Picking and ordersDiscrete picking

The operator completes only one order per trip. It is simple and low-error, but travel time is high.

See also: Picking, Cluster picking

Picking and ordersPick face

The fixed, usually ground-level location where the operator picks an item. Keeping fast movers near the pick face shortens travel time.

See also: Replenishment, Slotting

Picking and ordersPick list

The item, quantity and location breakdown of a picking task. It can be delivered on paper, RF device, voice or light.

See also: Pick path, Voice picking

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Picking and ordersPick path

The order in which an operator visits locations. A good path shortens travel; when slotting changes, the path logic must be revisited.

See also: Pick list, Slotting

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Picking and ordersPick-and-pass

Completing an order by passing a tote or carton from zone to zone. It is the conveyor-based form of zone picking.

See also: Zone picking, Conveyor

Picking and ordersPicking

Taking ordered items from their locations. It consumes the largest share of warehouse labour, so method choice drives cost directly.

See also: Batch picking, Zone picking, Wave

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Picking and ordersReservation

Locking stock allocated to an order so it cannot be given to another. Without reservation discipline the same stock gets sold twice.

See also: Allocation, Stock status

Picking and ordersShort pick

The expected quantity is not found at the location. The WMS then triggers replenishment, offers an alternate location or leaves the order partial; without a reason code the root cause is lost.

See also: Reason code, Replenishment, Partial delivery

Picking and ordersSubstitution

Giving an equivalent SKU instead of the ordered one. Without a written rule, customer contract and lot/expiry limits, the wrong item ships.

See also: SKU (stock keeping unit), Allocation

Picking and ordersVoice picking

Tasks given by headset and confirmed by voice. It frees the hands; noise, language and check-digit design decide whether it works.

See also: Pick list, Pick-to-light

Picking and ordersWave

Grouping orders and processing them together in a time window. Waves are planned around carrier cut-off times and shipping capacity.

See also: Waveless processing, Cut-off time

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Picking and ordersWaveless processing

Processing orders continuously as they arrive. Common in e-commerce with fast delivery promises; capacity balancing is critical.

See also: Wave

Picking and ordersZone picking

Each operator picks only in their zone and the order passes between zones. It reduces congestion in busy warehouses.

See also: Picking, Pick-and-pass

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